The antenna for the TV is an important element with which the necessary signal is transmitted. Thus, we get the opportunity to enjoy your favorite shows or movies almost anywhere where there is a special TV tower. Gradually, almost the whole country is switching to digital television, abandoning the outdated analogue. To do this, you will need a special antenna, but not everyone knows how to choose it correctly, and some do not even want to spend extra money on new equipment. But this is not necessary. You can make an antenna yourself, without significant material and time costs, as well as without special skills.
The principle of operation of the antenna for digital television
First, let's try to figure out the principle of the antenna, in order to understand what exactly we have to do. The antenna receives the signal from the tower in the same way as a regular indoor one, even though digital television is significantly different from analog. But here’s a regular antenna for connecting it at all.
In order for the signal to be transmitted in the best quality, you will need a device in the form of a sine wave with a frequency of as many MHz as possible. Electromagnetic waves go through the antenna and V-voltage is induced inside it. In a closed receiving circuit with resistance R, an electric current flows. Then a picture and sound in the speakers appear on the screen.
IMPORTANT! Please note that digital television can be connected to almost any TV model, even the oldest. Therefore, do not worry that you will also have to purchase a new television receiver - it is quite possible to continue to use the old one. And if you make the antenna with your own hands, then you will completely get rid of unnecessary expenses.
What should be the antenna for digital TV
There are several requirements for such a device, which it must necessarily meet. A digital antenna should provide high-quality image and sound on a TV receiver.
Since the signal comes from the tower, find out where the closest to you is. This greatly affects the signal level and the overall quality of the antenna. The farther the source is, the more powerful the device should be.
What other properties should it have:
- Protection against the reception of similar signals at this frequency, which will create interference.
- Another important point will be the orientation of the type of polarization. Some people forget about this point and encounter difficulties in the operation of the antenna, which could be easily avoided by thinking about polarization in advance.
- A major role is played by the orientation of the device. It is best to direct it along the axis of the electromagnetic wave, which comes from the transmitting center.
- Accuracy of execution. To make a good antenna, you need to follow all the steps in the instructions and spend some amount of time and effort.
How to make a simple coaxial cable antenna
A simple device from the above cable is easy to make in just 5 minutes. This method is suitable if you need a device not for permanent use - for example, to the cottage. In addition, everyone will probably find a coaxial cable at home, since this is a very common wire that is widely used.
A separate advantage will be that no other materials are needed - only the coaxial cable itself. Its length is also not very long - you use less than 1.5 m of wire.
First of all, you need to remove the upper insulation, backing off about 5 cm, then do the same with the central core. Then twist everything together. Be very careful at this stage, so as not to spoil the future design.
The next step is to step back from the edge with the insulation removed 22 centimeters and cut a piece of the upper insulation and shielded wire measuring 2 cm. Do not touch the insulation of the central core. On the other side, back as much and cut 1 cm only of the top insulation.
Now we fasten the first edge to this section.
IMPORTANT! Win as tightly as possible, otherwise the result may disappoint.
The antenna is ready!
Do-it-yourself antenna
Another variant of the antenna is the so-called eight, in the performance of which there is also nothing complicated. First, you need to prepare the necessary materials, make some calculations, and then assemble the design and complete the connection.
The name is explained by the shape of the device, which resembles the number 8. For manufacturing you will need:
- copper or aluminum wire;
- a tube;
- corner;
- hammer.
Before starting work, it is necessary to make some calculations. To do this, you need to find out the signal wave. This number is divided into four and represents the side of the square. Between the parts of the antenna there must be a distance, for which the inner edges are made shorter than the outer ones.
IMPORTANT! Squares should never be connected, a coaxial cable is installed in the distance between them.
Now you can start the manufacturing process. Cut the required amount of wire and bend it to a position of 90 degrees in the right places. You can use ready-made calculations, which are in large numbers on the Internet. Then sand the edges and loops.
In some cases, an additional screening grill may be required, which can also be done independently. When connecting, it is better to install the device in the middle in order to achieve the maximum possible number of channels. In order for the antenna not to be exposed to external influences, you can wrap it with electrical tape.
Metal can antenna
An alternative could be an antenna made of a metal can. It is suitable for those who do not have the right materials at hand.
To build such a product is possible for everyone, some difficulties may arise with the connection. The necessary data on the size and calculations can be found ready on the Internet.
It will take two metal cans and the fortification on which they will be located. It can be anything: the most common option is a wooden stick or a plaque. Some craftsmen even use old rackets, hangers and other improvised materials. It is important that the cans are parallel to each other and are in a horizontal position. Also remember to clean the ends of the cable.
You can configure the device by changing the distance between banks. Thus, you can get exactly the signal that you need. It is important to properly strengthen the structure so that it does not get ripped off by the wind, and also treat it with a sealed agent.
Antenna square
There are antennas with two and three squares. The first option consists of two parts: a vibrator and a reflector. They are located on one base.
For the manufacture of copper wire will be needed. It is enough to solder the structure according to the scheme and install it correctly.
If during assembly no errors were made, then such an antenna is capable of receiving a signal at a distance of 20-40 kilometers of line of sight.
In the triple square, another detail is added: the director. It is also made of copper wire with a diameter of up to 5 millimeters.
Such products are the most popular for home assembly, because they are of good quality and do not require much effort in the construction. In addition, their construction does not imply the presence of any special skills, or complex parts or materials.
IMPORTANT! Before starting work, carefully study not only the schemes, but also all the actions that will be performed in the process in order to understand what should be done and why. Prepare the workplace so that everything you need is at hand and you don’t have to constantly interrupt your work to find a tool. If you are careful and careful, everything will work out the first time, even for a beginner.
Now you know which antennas for the TV you can do yourself with the minimum amount of improvised means. Choose the option that is suitable for complexity and power and you will always have high-quality digital television, which can also be easily adjusted and controlled. With such devices, you can configure the maximum number of channels without spending a lot of money on the purchase of the structure.
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