Every year, the number of models in the market of solid fuel boilers increases significantly. These are mainly pyrolysis or conventional boilers. For their burning often use conventional fuel: firewood, coal, pallets. Due to the great diversity, many are wondering how to choose the right boiler. This article will analyze in detail all the features of different models and help you make the right choice.
What solid fuel boilers are
By mechanical action, boilers are divided into types.
Classic
Traditional installation. Basic design: combustion chamber, ash chamber, water tank, chimney. Fuels are also used the most common. Firewood, sawdust, pellets. Some use coal.
In the room used, the air circulation must be natural.
Fuel burns for a long time, after 6 hours you need to load more fuel. There is an automatic unit. Its task is to regulate the air. The combustion process must be controlled. On the scoreboard you need to set the temperature mode yourself.
On high-quality models there is always a traction control. It is needed so that cold enters the chimney from the external environment. Because of this, heat is stored inside the boiler and disperses throughout the house.
Pyrolysis
The main feature is a pair of combustion chambers. The lower chamber has a very high temperature and no oxygen. Firewood smolders there.
Carbon dioxide enters the second chamber. There combustion occurs, the heat exchanger heats up. Fuel burns for a very long time. You need to download no more than 1 time per day.
On some models, traction is automatically adjusted. In some manually. Before buying, it is better to read customer reviews of the goods. So it will be easier to make a choice.
Pellet
They are very common in the West. He has a number of advantages over others. For its use does not need a constant human presence. In addition, it is very environmentally friendly.
Pellets are used as fuel. These are small sized granules. Made from sawdust, wood waste.
Long burning
They are very similar to pyrolysis ones, but their mechanism of work is different. The oven also has two chambers. In the first of which firewood smolders and gases form, in the second the gases intersect with air and ignite.
They are divided into several types, due to the number of actions performed by gases. Thus, there are one-chord, two-chord, three-chord. The best in use are considered third. They maximize the heat of flue gases.
They have a very long burning time. If firewood is used as fuel, it will burn for about 3 days. If coal, about 5. For fuel, you can still use coke, pellets and petroleum products.
What is the difference between solid fuel boilers and other types
A solid fuel boiler is very different from a conventional furnace.
Boilers of this purpose are divided into several main types:
- Water heaters;
- Convection.
The main difference between the boiler and the furnace is the availability of a water jacket.
A heat exchanger must be present in the boiler. It is washed by water and with the help of a heating system accelerates heat throughout the house. The entire combustion process and its power is transferred to heat through pipes and batteries.
Using water, not only heat transfer occurs, it interferes with overheating of the walls of the chambers. Therefore, in such boilers high-calorie coal can be used.
Well-made modern long-burning boilers. As fuel, coal, firewood, pellets are usually used. At one fuel supply, the boiler can burn up to a day. Some have automatic combustion.
Which is better to choose a solid fuel boiler
Before buying, do not forget to consider the size of the room. Usually everyone uses the calculation, which is 10 square meters. meters should produce 1 kW of energy. This is considered normal if the following conditions are met:
- Ceiling no higher than 3 meters;
- Windows are made according to the norm;
- The room and the whole house should be well insulated.
For a private home
For example, if your house is 100 square meters. meters, the heat should be more than 10kW (this will provide longer heating). Carefully refer to the conditions above. At first glance, it may always seem that everything is in line with the norm. But there are little things that few take into account.
Important! You need to choose a boiler that produces a little more heat than the house needs. If he will fully comply with the formula of 10 square meters. meters per 1 kW of energy, you will have to additionally constantly toss firewood.
To avoid such problems, take with the expectation of spare power. For example, if the area of your house is 200 square meters. meters, its heating will need 20 kW. And you need to buy with a margin, i.e. 30-40 kW. To control the combustion saturation, use the manual regulator. He is responsible for the air supply.
If the boiler room is very large, you need to install a buffer tank between the boiler and the heating system. The boiler will gradually heat the water, and it, in turn, will accumulate in thermal batteries. After the boiler stops working, it will spread through the pipes and give heat for a long time.
If you are dependent on the price suitable for your pocket, then the best option would be foreign heaters. They are of average cost. But the quality is excellent.
To give
Buying a boiler for a summer house is no different than choosing a heater in a private house. When buying, be sure to pay attention to the following selection criteria:
- How quickly the room heats up;
- How much the boiler will warm the house on one fuel supply;
- Is there a DHW circuit or not;
- How much fuel is consumed.
The best manufacturers of solid fuel boilers
There are many solid fuel boiler companies. These include both foreign and domestic. The best manufacturers:
- Teplodar. Domestic manufacturer working in the market since 1997. The quality is not inferior to foreign manufacturers. Prices are always adequate and correspond to the cost of goods. Their assortment is small. But many models are popular in the global market.
- Buderus. This brand has existed since 1731. At the very beginning of the journey, he was not popular for a long time and belonged to the German company of the same name. In 2003, it was acquired by one large company, but it left the same business. Their products are of high quality.
- Wirbel. The manufacturer has appeared recently. Gained popularity because of high quality and low cost. They are very easy to use. Steel heat exchangers. There are dual-circuit models.
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