The principle of operation of the storage water heater

A storage water heater is a relatively small tank in which, or less often, a heating source is located under it. These devices can be installed in any room - from residential to industrial. Work is possible both from gas, and from the power supply network.

The principle of operation of the storage water heater

The principle of operation for all water heaters is the same, based on indirect heating of water to a certain temperature, which comes from the water supply to the tank.

IMPORTANT! The most comfortable mode of operation is considered at temperatures in the range from 60 to 65 ° C. This provides a lower level of heat loss than when the device is operating at full capacity.

The whole principle of operation can be described as follows. Initially, cold water under pressure enters the tank, at the bottom is a heater, which begins to heat it. After the water has warmed up, it rises up the tank, and the next portion of the cold warms up from below. And thus, a gradual warming up of the entire tank capacity occurs. When the water has completely warmed up to the required temperature, the thermostat is activated, the heater is automatically turned off.

Water of the set temperature will be in the tank until consumers turn on hot water in the kitchen or in the bathroom. At this time, water will be taken in the upper part of the tank with the simultaneous arrival of a new portion of cold water from below, the thermostat will again work and the water will be heated again. So the water heater cycles. Thanks to this principle of natural circulation, uniform heating is ensured in the tank. However, it takes some time to warm the water heater over the entire volume.

Electric storage water heater

The most important in the design is the heater, due to which the water is heated. The outer casing serves to protect the water heater, after it there is a layer of thermal insulation needed to save electricity. If the manufacturer provides for good thermal insulation, then the water can remain warm for up to 2 days. Rigid foamed polyurethane or foam rubber serves as traditional materials for thermal insulation. If you need to heat water in large quantities, then the insulation is supplied separately from the tank, which allows to increase the working volume.

IMPORTANT! In the production, the basis for the design of the water tank is stainless steel or carbon steel with an enamel coating. These materials are the most practical, having managed to prove themselves on the good side after prolonged use.

The main elements of the device include:

  • outer casing;
  • thermal insulation layer;
  • water heating capacity;
  • divider;
  • cold water inlet;
  • hot water outlet;
  • immersion tube of the sensor;
  • magnesium anode;
  • TEN (element for heating).

IMPORTANT! In addition to the boiler, it is advised to buy a water pressure reducer for installation. Thanks to this device, water is not supplied with such a large stream during washing dishes or taking a shower, respectively, the consumption is several times less, that is, it turns out to save.

Pros and cons of storage device

The main advantages include:

  • works at low capacities, so there is no need for separate wiring;
  • you can use hot water at the same time both from the kitchen and from the bath;
  • simplicity of operation;
  • can be installed at a certain distance from the point of water intake;
  • the presence of a protective function from overheating, when the temperature reaches the extreme value, the automation is triggered;
  • in order to obtain the required temperature, there is no need to change the pressure, since a mixer is provided in the configuration.

Among the minuses should be highlighted:

  • dimensions of dimensions that can take up a lot of space, which must be taken into account when planning housing;
  • after the water has completely been consumed, it will take time to heat up the next batch.

IMPORTANT! For ease of use, it is better to use a thermostat for smooth temperature control.

Rules for the operation of an electric water heater

To ensure safety, efficiency, reliability of operation, to extend the life of the device used, you must adhere to the manufacturer's recommendations. Moreover, not only during operation, but also at the installation stage. It is necessary to strictly follow all the points in the instructions. For example, if it is said about grounding, then this must be done without fail. Proper operation will also reduce energy costs.

Frequent on and off will contribute to the rapid deterioration of the automation, so if there is a daily need for hot water, it is better not to turn off the power. It is also rational for other reasons - if the tank has hot water all the time, then it will be less susceptible to corrosion. The optimum temperature for heating is considered to be a value above 55 ° C, so you prevent the development of mold bacteria on the walls of the tank and in the water.

After purchasing the device, the question arises of installing it. Even if you have experience in such works or have watched the installation before and are confident in your abilities, it is better to seek help from a specialist. This will save you from possible problems in the future. After installation, the specialist should also make the first test run and make sure that the connection is correct.

The water heater can be used in areas with different conditions, and if you have to deal with hard water, it is recommended to put a filter in front of the boiler. In rooms with high humidity (baths, saunas) during installation, make sure that steam condensate does not get on the device.

Watch the video: How a Gas Water Heater Works (March 2024).

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